Question 1

Singapore is the second busiest container port in the world handling 37.5 million TEUs in 2021 with containerized cargo accounting for 60.7% of total cargo processed (Source: Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore, 2022). The importance of the container port industry is underscored by the continuous expansion of port capacity to accommodate traffic growth. Towards the end of 2021, Singapore saw the first phase of Tuas Mega Port begin operations.

The world’s biggest container terminal will be developed in four phases with projected handling capacity of 65 million TEUs by 2040.

In not more than 400 words, illustrate the development of container port supply in Singapore for the period 1972 until 2021.

Question 2

The container shipping industry is increasingly dominated by shipping alliances. Nine of the top ten carriers now belong to an alliance. Total vessel capacity held by these carriers reached 82.9% as at April 2022 (source: Alphaliner, 2022). As such, port competition in Southeast Asia has shifted to the strategy of targeting shipping alliances.

In not more than 400 words, indicate those shipping alliances or shipping lines who have investments in container-handling facilities in Singapore.